New Media: Determining or Determined?

20071129
_dahye yoo

Most people call opposite of popular culture 'Central culture'. Why do they call 'central'?

And they call non-commercial art 'fine-art'. And also, Why do they call 'fine art'?
The reason is 'traditional' and 'the intellectual class'. I think so. And I think popular culture derived from traditional art or cultrue. so they called 'central'.

# NOTE

1.6 NEW MEDIA: Determining or determined?

Very different theorists of media

• Marshall McLuhan: 'new media change everything'
• Raymond Williams: media cna only take effect through already present social processes and structures and will therefore reproduce existing patterns of use and basically sustain existing power relations.

1.6.1 The status of McLuhan and Williams

• Mainstream of media studies: played techonological element has
• Both Williams and McLuhan carried out their influential work in the 1960s and 1970s
• McLuhan: 'the global village', ' the medium is the message'
• Willam

** The different between McLuhan and Willams


Herbert Marshall McLuhan CC (July 21, 1911 - December 31, 1980) was a Canadian educator, philosopher, and scholar — a professor of English literature, a literary critic, and a communications theorist. McLuhan's work is viewed as one of the cornerstones of the study of media theory.




Raymond Henry Williams (31 August 1921 - 26 January 1988) was a Welsh academic, novelist and critic. His writings on politics, culture, the mass media and literature reflected his Marxist outlook. He was an influential figure within the New Left and in wider culture. Some 750,000 copies of his books have sold in UK editions alone (Politics and Letters, 1979) and there are many translations of his various works.

The return of the Frankfurt School critique in the popularisation of new media

20071127
_jiyoon kim

Once upon a time, People thoght art is owned by a special class. also art is for God. It is just my hinking. According to benjamin's writings, The work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction killed trditional concept of art (example, creativity, genius, uniquely and ,...).
Nowdays, art interact various people each other. I think art re create by the mass of people. and art represent culture.

# NOTE

** The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction is a 1936 essay by German cultural critic Walter Benjamin, which has been influential in the fields of cultural studies and media theory. It was produced, Benjamin wrote, in the effort to describe a theory of art that would be "useful for the formulation of revolutionary demands in the politics of art". In the absence of any traditional, ritualistic value, art in the age of mechanical reproduction would inherently be based on the practice of politics. It is the most frequently cited of Benjamin's essays.

** Walter Benjamin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Benjamin

1.5.5 The return of the Frankfurt School ciritique in the popularisation of new media

The 'culture industry', the end of democratic participation and critical distance

• Strinati sums
• Alan Meek

Mass society critics feared four things

• The debasement and displacement of an authentic organic folk culture;
• the erosion of high cultural traditions, those of art and literature;
• loss of the ability of these cultural traditions (as the classical 'public sphere') to comment
• critically on society's values;
• the idoctrination and manipulation of the 'masses' by either totalitatian politics or market forces

Fascism and stalinism: totalitarianism

the tyranny of market , 'memr' consumers

active looking back to a pre mass culture

• the recovery of community
• the remaal of central authority, control
• online publishing
• virtual communities

The Brechtian avant-garde and lost opportunities

• Bertolt Brecht
• Walter Benjamin : the work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction
  

1.5.6 Conclusion

• amazing novelty of the possiblities that are opening up.

The discursive construction of new media

20071122

_juhee han

A language is a system of communication which consists of a set of sounds and written symbols.symbols are physical or immaterial(meta-physical). We call 'book', 'pen' and 'note'. it is simple. but, How do we define immaterial or abstract things?

Like this, Is Discourse a definition an abstract idea that we can't see?

Dr. yoon said.

" Why did they make a institution (mental hospital) ? "

who is normal? or not?

if is is so, The definitions keep changing. also, Discourse?

# NOTE

language (literacy culture) - visual (visual culture) - media

** Discourse (담론, 談論) : communication that goes back and forth (from the Latin, discursus, "running to and from"), such as debate or argument

1.5.3 The discursive construction of new media

1. what is discourse?

• (post-structurealist) Language does not merely describe a pre-given reality
• operating such as microscopes, telescopes and camera

2. A sense of repetition in how media changes

• dejavu : 'seen this' or 'been here' before
• each new medium occurs and proceeds technologically and socioeconomically in the same way
• the same patterns of response are evident in the members of the culture
• the same patterns occur in widely different historical and social contexts (ex. film : cinema)

3. determine a kind of media

• panorama or dirama
• technological visual culture
• problem : what is real? (ex. movie 'matrix')

4. discursive construction of new media

1.5.4 Conclusion

• media archeological approach

Who was dissatisfied with old media?

20071120
_hyerim park

I realy realy like watching TV. movie, drama, show and whatever..

Of course, I didn't have any dissatisfactions and complaints.

but, I realized when I can use computer. We can watching TV show, drama in network at any time. After that, I hard to wait TV program time- _ -

nowdays, I just download the avi file.



# NOTE

1.5.1 The question

1.5.2 THe technological imaginary

psychoanalytic theories

• citical thought
• recast in more sociological

imaginaire

• the 'real' and the 'symbolic'
• not refer poetic mental faculty or the activitiy of fantasising

loss of the forms that are displaced

• photography on painting
• television then video on cinema

more recently

• digital imaging on photography
• graphics software

understanding the conditions

• seeing what values a culture
• understanding how the concrete objects and the products of particulat media come to have good or bad cultural connotations in the first place

A sense of dejavu

20071115
_samyeol jin

Dejavu based on memory.

I thought dejavu is just feeling. It is 'seen it' or 'been here' before or in dream.

or it is maybe six sense.

New media is new way. but it is not totally new thing.

# NOTE

** B-movie
(a+ a b b+ c , below or blues ??)

** Bollywood movie from India
The name is a portmanteau of Bombay (the former name for Mumbai) and Hollywood, the center of the American film industry.

1.4.4 A sense of dejavu

1.4.5 Conclusion

• the 'new' in new media which makes history so important
• what they share with other media
• between what they cna do and what is ideological in our reception of new media

The return of the middle ages and other media archaeologies

20071113

_dayeon lee

Edutainment.

I heared that in service marketing class. Professor introduced 'Edutainment is new service product'. and it means education + entertainment.

Enlightenment

It is to make foolish people aware of their right, thinking necessity and something..It is also education.

Nowdays, we thought 'education is study so, it is boring'. but, we can make education is to be joyful. In 18C, Sophist wanted 'enlighten the ignorant' and now, media artists wants 'enlighten the ignorant in joy'.

+

I don't know about history or middle ages because I'm 이과생 hahahah- _ -;;;

# NOTE

The ludic : cinema and games

• 1900-1920 : aesthetics and pleasures of computer games
• 1930-1950s : hollywood movei - narrative cinema
• 21c : pleasures - changes in media production and media consumption / blockbuster - a return of the possibilities present in early cinema

Rhetoric and spatialised memory

• Bensamin woolley : computer media's metaphorical desktops
• icons and mnemonic : parallel with the memorising strategies strategies of ancient preliterate, oral cultures

Nickianne Moody

• Edutainment and the eighteenth centuryenlightenment
• ancestors of today's home- and place-based software and interactive technology

Discovery of the kind of historical precedents for media

- opportunities of develop new media

** Being digital

a non-fiction computer science book by famed technology author Nicholas Negroponte. It was originally published in January 1995 by Vintage Publishing. Being Digital provides a general history of several digital media technologies, many that Negroponte himself was directly involved in developing. Negroponte analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the technologies (such as his belief that High-definition television wastes broadcasting power), and tries to predict how the technologies will evolve. Negroponte presents a strong belief that humanity is inevitably headed towards a future where everything that can will be digitalized (be it newspapers, entertainment, or sex). This leads Negroponte to a quote repeated often in promoting and explaining the book's material, that the book is made of "unwieldy atoms" that will probably be replaced by a digital copy by the time anyone reads the book. Several e-books exist of Being Digital, making the quote rather prophetic.

** Enlightenment : 계몽사상

New media and the modernist concept of progress

20071108
_nahyun cho

Today's lecture was hard to me. I completely understood only 'what are the pictorialists'.

Modernist are concerne about 'meaning' more than 'way'.(=>im-mediacy) And avant garde is concerne 'way' and 'meaning'.(=> hyper-mediacy) And I think new media includes all.

+
I thought about 'am I conputer scientist or artist?'. ahaaaa, I'm student.

# NOTE

Deferred future of new media

• because of technological underdevelopment?
• be used and nuderstanding according to older, existing practices and ideas

The veiw of modernist aesthetic

• mediun has its own kind of essence
• medium has to be genuinely new from the past and old media

experimentalism

imperialist

Pictorialists

• photograhper wanna be artist. so they take pictures like a painting.
• pictorialism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pictorialism
• pictorialists are would be the examples of the perceptual immperialists?

left : Asahachi Kono, Untitled (Tree and Hills), late 1920s, gelatin silver print, 7 3/8”x 11 7/8”. Dennis Reed Collection
right : Margrethe Mather, Florence Deshon, 1921, bromide print, 9 1/2”x 7 1/2”. Paul J. Getty Museum, Los Angeles

- Do media proceed by a process of ruptures or decisive breaks with the past?

- Can a medium transcend its historical contexts to deliver an 'entirely new language'?

- Do media have irreducible and unique essences?

** Gene Youngblood

• The full aesthetic potential of this medium will be realised only when computer artists come to the instrument from art rather than computer science
• be rescued from the tyranny of perceptual imperialists

** Steve Holzmann

• existing uses of new media fail to 'exploit those special qualities

** Clement Greenberg

** Raymond Willams

Teleological accounts of new media

20071106

_semi park

Today, we talked about 'art history'

A fewdays ago, I read the book which of the title is "비키니를 입은 현대미술". The book's author is Nancy Lang. It narrated "origin of art" the beginng of this book. It is also 'cave paintings'.

Almost people think 'maybe, the art started incantation meaning(주술적 의미)'. or,.. some people think 'it is just order'. Whatever, we don't know that unless someone make the time-machine.

# NOTE

From cave paintings to mobile phones
: In Rheingold historical scheme

From photography to telematics: extracting some sense from teleologies
: an eight-stage historical model of the progressive development of technologies of image production and transmission

Seeing the limitis of new media teleologies
: from an abstract system of logic, through the development of calculating machines, to the computer as a 'medium'

Foucault and genealogies of new media
: Foucauldian perspective



** Michel Faucault
http://www.csun.edu/~hfspc002/foucault.home.html

** a beautifrul mind (film)

Directed by Ron Howard

Cast : Russel Crowe (Jhon nash)

The story begins in the early years of Nash's life at Princeton University as he develops his "original idea" that will revolutionize the world of mathematics. Later, Nash develops schizophrenia and endures paranoid and delusional episodes while painfully watching the loss and burden his condition brings on his wife and friends.

Measuring 'newness'

20071101
_jungjin lee

I didn't understand this class and also Roger's pictures;; I just felt like last lecture.

Roger's Pictures was a strange to me. First, when I look at the pictures I thought it is landscape pictures. but he told about pictures. It includes many thing. After that, I was confused (Actually, I am a simple-minded person. haha;;)

He represented connections between these pictures using the frame in the picture. and he invites the viewer to make thematic and conceptual connections between photographs and identify coer concerns and themes through relationships between pictures and the places they represent.

# NOTE

Old media in new times?

'Digital television' is not a new medium but is best understood as a change in the form of delivering the contents of the TV medium.

• New media: digital television
• Old media: immersive VR, online, interactive, multimedia

The media of 'remediation'

Jay bolter and Richard Grusin

• The digital technologies 'refashion older media'
• These older media 'refashion themselves to answer to the challengers of new media'
• New media are not born in a vanccum and, as media, would have no resources

# Cultural (mis)understanding through photographs
_prof. Roger Palmer

http://www.rogerpalmer.info/